Energy Efficiency and Economic Aspects of Mining Wastes Utilization within the Closed Cycle of Underground Gas Generator

Energy efficiency of coal gasification with possible utilization of mining wastes within ecologically closed gas generator cycle has been considered. Technical and technological performance of such gas generator and mechanism of material and heat balance on the basis of the available analytical methods and practices as well as the developed author software have been proposed. Heat carrier formed in the process of coal gasification has been used for the utilization. Temperature of the utilization process within the industrially expedient limits being supported with the help of either activation or attenuation of the gasification process. After specific treatment, organogenic waste and domestic wastes are utilized by means of thermal decomposition within a gas generator. Economic evaluation of the proposed means confirms the expediency of their implementation in mines with industrial and balanced coal reserves as well as within the areas where this energetic source has already been already mined out. Results of this investigation were partially presented on international scientific and practical conference “Forum of Miners - 2017”. They contain the researches, which were conducted within the project GP – 489, financed by Ministry of Education and Science of Ukrain

PRIMJENA MAGNETSKIH POLJA ZA INTENZIVIRANJE PROCESA UPLINJAVANJA UGLJENA

Underground coal gasification is an alternative method for mining coal from thin and ultra-thin seams, which enables conversion of solid fossil fuels into combustible gases at the site of coal occurrence. At the same time, in the case when the coal seam thickness is critically small for the effective course of thermochemical reactions, it is necessary to intensify the gasification process. This paper studies one of the possible methods to intensify the process of underground coal gasification due to the influence of magnetic fields on the injected blast supplied into the gas generator gasification channel. Research tests conducted on a bench setup confirm the effectiveness of injected blast activation in a magnetic field by creating magnetic field inhomogeneity by placing permanent magnets and a discrete solid magnetized phase in a special device. For the first time, the dependence of changing growth of carbon participation during the solid fuel gasification process on changing magnetic field strength in the range of 0-600 E has been determined. It has been proven that the injected blast magnetization can significantly intensify the underground gasification process by increasing the carbon participation share in the fuel, which may be of practical importance for increasing the yield of combustible components.Podzemno uplinjavanje ugljena alternativna je metoda eksploatacije ugljena iz tankih i vrlo tankih slojeva, koja omogućuje pretvaranje krutih fosilnih goriva u zapaljive plinove na mjestu nalazišta ugljena. Istodobno, u slučaju kada je debljina sloja ugljena kritično mala za učinkovit tijek termokemijskih reakcija, potrebno je intenzivirati proces uplinjavanja. U ovome radu proučava se jedna od mogućih metoda intenziviranja procesa podzemnoga uplinjavanja ugljena primjenom magnetskoga polja na injektirani mlaz koji se dovodi u kanal uplinjavanja generatora plina. Ispitivanje provedeno na stolnome uređaju potvrđuje učinkovitost aktivacije injektiranoga mlaza u magnetskome polju stvaranjem nehomogenosti magnetskoga polja, postavljanjem permanentnih magneta i diskretne čvrste magnetizirane faze u poseban uređaj. Prvi je put utvrđena ovisnost promjene rasta udjela ugljika tijekom procesa uplinjavanja krutoga goriva o promjeni jakosti magnetskoga polja u rasponu od 0 do 600 E. Dokazano je da se magnetiziranjem injektiranoga mlaza može znatno intenzivirati proces podzemnoga uplinjavanja povećanjem udjela ugljika u gorivu, što može imati praktičnu važnost za povećanje prinosa gorivih komponenti

PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL PROCESES FOR COAL DESTRUCTION IN UNDERGROUND GAS GENERATOR

Estimate the material and thermal balance for providing the chemical reactions in underground gasgenn according to physical spreads of their fluency

PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL PROCESES FOR COAL DESTRUCTION IN UNDERGROUND GAS GENERATOR

Estimate the material and thermal balance for providing the chemical reactions in underground gasgenn according to physical spreads of their fluency

POSSIBILITIES OF MINING WASTES UTILIZATION BY THERMAL DESTRUCTION WITHIN THE UNDERGROUND GAS GENERATOR

Study the possibility of developing the technical and technological justification of mining wastes utilization within the closed cycle of gassgene in in economic effective level

Research into stress-strain state of the rock mass condition in the process of the operation of double-unit longwalls

Purpose. To substantiate changes in stress-strain state of rock mass in the process of long-pillar mining with the help of double-unit longwalls while evaluating stress of a mine field in terms of Lvivvuhillia SE mine. Methods. Analysis of the plans of mine workings has become a basis for the evaluation of physical and geometrical parameters of a support pressure area of the double-unit stopes depending upon mining and geological as well as engineering conditions for n7b coal seam extraction. 3D model of the rock mass has been rendered using SolidWorks 2019 software. The geomechanical model of the rock mass is based upon the specified output data concerning actual operating schedule of 1018 and 1019 double-unit longwalls (numbers of the longwalls are changed as it has been required by the authorities of Lvivvuhillia SE) in terms of n7b seam and support patterns of the development mine workings in Lvivvuhillia SE mine. Each component of the support was modeled as a separate part with the relevant geotech data. Behaviour of the expansion of the rock mass stress-strain state within the selected point has been analyzed by means of sections at the specified plane. Findings. Rendering algorithm of 3D model of rock mass in terms of long-pillar mining of a coal seam using double-unit longwalls has been developed. A geomechanical model of the rock mass has been substantiated depending upon the mining and geological mode of occurrence and engineering parameters of coal mining process. Originality. Nature of the support pressure area formation in front of a stope as well as along the extraction pillar length has been analyzed. It has been identified that if stopes are within one and the same plane, interconnection of their frontal support pressure areas as well as walls of the development workings take place. In this context, adjoining entry acts as the extra destressing technogenic cavity in addition to its proper functions. Practical implications. Output data to make recommendations concerning the efficient mining parameters and methods for rock pressure control have been identified relying upon the analysis of stress-strain state of rock mass in the process of the operation of double-unit longwalls. Visualization of the principles of formation of the stress-strain state of support pressure area and evaluation of the rock mass condition have shown that the maximum reduced stresses reach 70 MPa in terms of 18 m width of the support pressure area.Мета. Обґрунтування характеру зміни напружено-деформованого стану гірського масиву при стовповій системі розробці вугільного пласта здвоєними лавами шляхом оцінки напруженості ділянки шахтного поля на прикладі роботи шахти ДП “Львіввугілля”. Методика. На основі аналізу планів гірничих виробок проводиться оцінка фізичних та геометричних параметрів зони опорного тиску здвоєних очисних вибоїв залежно від гірничо-геологічних та гірничо-технічних умов відпрацювання вугільного пласта n7н. Рендеринг 3D моделі гірського масиву здійснювався за допомогою програмного продукту “SolidWorks 2019”. В основу побудови геомеханічної моделі гірського масиву прийняті вихідні дані щодо реальних умов при роботі здвоєних лав №1018 та 1019 (назви лав змінено на вимогу керівництва ДП “Львіввугілля”) по пласту n7н та паспортів кріплення підготовчих виробок шахти ДП “Львіввугілля”. Кожен елемент кріплення моделювався як окрема деталь, з відповідними фізико-механічними властивостями. Характер розповсюдження напружено-деформованого стану гірського масиву у вибраній точці досліджувався шляхом створення розрізів у заданій площині. Результати. Розроблений алгоритм рендерингу 3D моделі гірського масиву при стовповій системі розробки вугільного пласта здвоєними лавами. Обґрунтовано геомеханічну модель гірського масиву залежно від гірничо-геологічних умов залягання та гірничотехнічних параметрів ведення процесу видобування вугілля. Наукова новизна. Досліджено характер формування зон опорного тиску попереду очисного вибою та вздовж виймального стовпа. Встановлено, що при знаходженні очисних вибоїв в одній площині відбувається об’єднання їх фронтальних зон опорного тиску та боків підготовчих виробок. При цьому суміжний штрек окрім виконання своїх технологічних функцій виконує роль додаткової розвантажувальної техногенної порожнини. Практична значимість. На основі досліджень напружено-деформованого стану гірського масиву при роботі здвоєних лав встановлено вихідні дані для розробки рекомендацій щодо раціональних параметрів ведення гірничих робіт та способів управління гірським тиском. Візуальне відображення принципів формування напружено-деформованого стану зони опорного тиску та оцінки стану масиву показало, що максимальні приведені напруження досягають 70 МПа при ширині зони опорного тиску 18 м.Цель. Обоснование характера изменения напряженно-деформированного состояния горного массива при столбовой системе разработке угольного пласта сдвоенными лавами путем оценки напряженности участка шахтного поля на примере работы шахты ГП “Львовуголь”. Методика. На основе анализа планов горных выработок проводится оценка физических и геометрических параметров зоны опорного давления сдвоенных очистных забоев в зависимости от горно-геологических и горно-технических условий отработки угольного пласта n7н. Рендеринг 3D модели горного массива осуществлялся с помощью программного продукта “SolidWorks 2019”. В основу построения геомеханической модели горного массива приняты исходные данные о реальных условиях при работе сдвоенных лав №1018 и 1019 (названия лав изменены по требованию руководства ГП “Львовуголь”) по пласту n7н и паспортов крепления подготовительных выработок шахты ГП “Львовуголь”. Каждый элемент крепления моделировался как отдельная деталь, с соответствующими физико-механическими свойствами. Характер распространения напряженно-деформированного состояния горного массива в выбранной точке исследовался путем создания разрезов в заданной плоскости. Результаты. Разработанный алгоритм рендеринга 3D модели горного массива при столбовой системе разработки угольного пласта сдвоенными лавами. Обоснована геомеханическая модель горного массива в зависимости от горно-геологических условий залегания и горнотехнических параметров ведения процесса добычи угля. Научная новизна. Исследован характер формирования зон опорного давления впереди очистного забоя и вдоль выемочного столба. Установлено, что при нахождении очистных забоев в одной плоскости происходит объединение их фронтальных зон опорного давления и сторон подготовительных выработок. При этом смежный штрек кроме выполнения своих технологических функций выполняет роль дополнительной разгрузочной техногенной полости. Практическая значимость. На основе исследований напряженно-деформированного состояния горного массива при работе сдвоенных лав установлены исходные данные для разработки рекомендаций относительно рациональных параметров ведения горных работ и способов управления горным давлением. Визуальное отображение принципов формирования напряженно-деформированного состояния зоны опорного давления и оценки состояния массива показало, что максимальные приведенные напряжения достигают 70 МПа при ширине зоны опорного давления 18 м.This paper contains the research conducted within the grant No. 0120U102084 (financed by the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine), and Dubrovnik International ESEE Mining School (project in the framework of EIT Raw Materials)

A modern vision of simulation modelling in mining and near mining activity

The paper represents the creation of the software simulation system, which reproduce the basic processes of mining and near production. It presents the consideration of such systems for both traditional and non-traditional mineral extraction systems. The principles of using computer recognition of processes are also presented in other processes of carbon-containing raw materials transition, as well as power production and waste utilization of mining production. These systems considerably expand the manageability of a rather complicated mining enterprise. The main purpose of such research is the simulation reproduction of all technological processors associated with the activity of mining enterprises on the display of the dispatch center. For this purpose, is used so-called UML-diagrams, which allows to simulate mining and near mining processes. Results of this investigation were included to the Roman Dychkovskyi thesis of the scientific degree of the Doctor of the Technique Sciences “Scientific Principles of Technologies Combination for Coal Mining in Weakly Metamorphoses Rockmass”

A concept to use energy of air flows of technogenic area of mining enterprises

Topical issues concerning the possibilities of effective energy generation on the basis of Ukrainian mining enterprises have been highlighted. Attention is drawn to one of the most challenging tendencies of nontraditional energy sources development in the process of wind- driven powerplant use. The plants consume energy of technogenic air flows. Operation schemes and engineering solutions as for the possibilities to involve nontraditional sources of energy resulting from operation of technogenic objects and industrial structures of enterprises (i.e. stopes, mine dumps, industrial facilities etc.) in power balance of a mining enterprise have been demonstrated. Energy efficiency of the wind- driven powerplants in the context of different operation schemes aimed at utilization of energy of technogenic air flows has been analyzed. Output of a wind-driven system as a component of technological segment of a mining enterprise making it possible to meet 20 to 44% of its power demand has been determined. The objective of the paper is to substantiate process solutions as well as technical and engineering ones as for the obtaining nontraditional energy sources basing upon introduction of wind- driven power plants

On the formation of a mine-based energy resource complex

The paper represents the analysis, which has helped to determine tendencies of the formation of energy resource complex based on the available mining facilities. The approach helps prolong operating life of the mine with the depleted balance reserves or the one being under abandonment. The proposed technologies of generator gas production by anaerobic digestion of organic raw material in the methane-tanks as well as other approaches to the combined formation of new energy systems make it possible to reorient the mine operation. The approach is extremely important for rather depressed mining regions as it helps solve the problem of social strain. Formation of the joint power and chemical production allows both improving economic expediency and preventing negative ecologic impact on surface and underground mine environment. The proposed tendencies make it possible to outline further issues to be highlighted in the following authors’ studies

A modern vision of simulation modelling in mining and near mining activity

The paper represents the creation of the software simulation system, which reproduce the basic processes of mining and near production. It presents the consideration of such systems for both traditional and non-traditional mineral extraction systems. The principles of using computer recognition of processes are also presented in other processes of carbon-containing raw materials transition, as well as power production and waste utilization of mining production. These systems considerably expand the manageability of a rather complicated mining enterprise. The main purpose of such research is the simulation reproduction of all technological processors associated with the activity of mining enterprises on the display of the dispatch center. For this purpose, is used so-called UML-diagrams, which allows to simulate mining and near mining processes. Results of this investigation were included to the Roman Dychkovskyi thesis of the scientific degree of the Doctor of the Technique Sciences “Scientific Principles of Technologies Combination for Coal Mining in Weakly Metamorphoses Rockmass”